ANU Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/1885/26

The Australian National University's Research Publications collection is an online location for collecting, preserving and disseminating the scholarly output of the University. This service allows members of the University to share their research with the wider community. ANU Open Research accepts journal articles, conference papers, book chapters, working or technical papers and other forms of scholarly communication.

FINDING WORKS: To find a work in this collection, enter a search term into the text box and click on Search or select one of the 'Browse by' options (Author, Title, Subject, Issue Date or Type).

CONTRIBUTING WORKS: If you have an item you wish to submit, please do so through the Contribute page.

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 133287

Metadata only
PANIC!
(2025) Swift, Ben
PANIC! (Playground AI Network for Interactive Creativity) is an interactive installation that explores the behaviour of connected AI models. Viewers enter text prompts which are transformed as text/audio/images through a "network" of generative AI models. Each output becomes the input for the next iteration, creating an endless cycle of AI-mediated transformation.
Metadata only
Semantic topologies in the recursive application of generative AI models
(2025) Swift, Ben; Hong, Sungyeon
Text-to-image and image-to-text models allow automated (but imperfect) semantic translation across modalities. This paper presents results and preliminary analysis of an empirical study of recursive information processing in popular open-weight generative artificial intelligence (genAI) models such as FluxSchnell and BLIP-2. Through clustering and topological data analysis we show some of the ways that different genAI models and initial prompts give rise to different semantic embedding trajectories, and suggest some ways forward for understanding how semantic information is transmitted through these types of complex information-processing systems.
Metadata only
Address South Asia’s Fissile Material Conundrum
(The Stimson Center, 2019) Ahmed, Mansoor
Metadata only
Temperature Variability Has Limited Effects on Phenotypic Plasticity in Ectotherms—A Meta-Analysis
(2025) Stocker, Clayton W.; Bamford, Stephanie M.; Jahn, Miki; Mazué, Geoffrey P.F.; Pettersen, Amanda K.; Ritchie, Daniel; Rubin, Alexander; Noble, Daniel W.A.; Seebacher, Frank
Phenotypic plasticity can lead to compensation for potentially adverse effects of variation in the thermal environment so it is important to understand the impacts of changes in mean and fluctuations in temperature on plastic responses. Here we establish the current state of knowledge of how thermal variability influences the expression of phenotypic plasticity in ectothermic animals. Our quantitative synthesis of 46 studies compares the effects of constant and fluctuating temperatures with the same mean on plasticity in different traits, across different ecosystems (terrestrial and aquatic) and between types of phenotypic plasticity (acclimation and developmental plasticity). We found that 98% of studies implemented diel temperature fluctuations and most data were derived from invertebrates. We show that plasticity does not differ between constant and fluctuating environments except for weak effects on developmental time. We conclude that plasticity is more likely to be driven by changes in longer-term mean temperatures.
Open Access
A cross-cultural investigation of the short version of the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS-7) across five countries
(2025) Horváth, Rita; Watson, David C.; McCutcheon, Lynn; Budiarto, Yohanes; Urbán, Róbert; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Dewi, Fransisca Iriani Roesmala; Shabahang, Reza; Chirani, Benyamin Mokhtari; Williams, Joshua L.; Serrano, Carlota Cruces; McCarley, Nancy G.; Roberts, Jonathan E.; Aruguete, Mara S.; Griffith, James D.; Edman, Jeanne; Green, Thomas; Huynh, Ho Phi; Browne, Blaine L.; Jurs, Bethany; Flint, Emilia; Bernstein, Michael J.; Hwang, Hyeyeon; Reyes, Marc Eric S.; Zsila, Ágnes
Background Celebrity worship, conceptualized as an obsessive admiration of celebrities, has generated considerable research interest over the past two decades. Admiration towards a favorite celebrity has been commonly assessed by the 23-item Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS). Recently, a 7-item short version (CAS-7) was developed on a representative sample of Hungarian adults. This study aimed to provide further evidence for the validity and reliability of the CAS-7 measure by extending the investigation of its factor structure to other cultures and populations. Methods Data from 4,353 participants (64.4% women, Mage=28.22 years, SD=11.80, age range: 14–93 years) across five countries (Canada, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, US) were used, which was collected through online questionnaires. Results Consistent with previous findings, the bifactor structure with celebrity worship as a general factor and entertainment–social and intense–pathological specific factors showed the best fit in all samples. Reliability indices for the celebrity worship general factor were good. Conclusions The present findings confirmed the reliability and the consistency of the factor structure of the CAS-7 across different samples, providing further evidence for the applicability of the CAS-7 in different cultures.
Metadata only
Longitudinal Associations Between Mental Health and Problematic Social Media Use: The Mediating Role of the Motives for Social Media Use
(2025-07-18) Ahmed, Oli; Walsh, Erin I.; Dawel, Amy; Cherbuin, Nicolas
Evidence about the associations between mental health and problematic social media use (PSMU) over time is mixed. While some studies have found mental health predicted PSMU over time, others found nonsignificant relationships. Therefore, the present study was aimed at investigating the impact of mental health (depression, anxiety, and wellbeing) on PSMU among young adults over time and investigating the potential mediating role of motives for social media use. The eMediate study participants (n = 431, 49.7% female, age = 22.6 ± 1.8 years) who completed four waves of online questionnaires assessing social media use and mental health at 3-month intervals were included. Multilevel mediation analysis was used to examine the association between mental health and PSMU, and the possible mediating effect of motives for social media use. Depressive and anxiety symptoms and wellbeing significantly predicted PSMU over time, and social media use was motivated to cope with bad feelings, conform with others, be entertained, social interaction, escape from daily problems and stress, support seeking, and increase positive and decrease negative emotions. The escapism motive mediated the associations between symptoms of depression and anxiety and PSMU over time. The enhancing motive mediated the associations between depressive symptoms and wellbeing and PSMU over time. These findings provide insights into the motivational processes that may be driving the associations between mental health and PSMU, which could be targeted for intervention.
Metadata only
Travis R. Baker, ed., Christian Culture and Society in Later Catholic England: Studies in Memory of F. Donald Logan Later Medieval Europe 24. Leiden: Brill, 2024. Pp. 651.
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) McDonald, Peter
Metadata only
Longitudinal Associations Between Sleep and Problematic Social Media Use: Mediating Role of the Motives for Social Media Use
(2025-11-27) Ahmed, Oli; Dawel, Amy; Walsh, Erin I.; Burns, Richard Andrew; Cherbuin, Nicolas
In the literature exploring the associations between problematic social media use (SMU) and sleep, the majority of studies focus on problematic SMU as a predictor of poorer sleep outcomes. There is currently a scarcity of empirical investigation of the reverse causal direction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sleep (insomnia and sleep quality) on problematic social media use and the mediating role of motives for SMU. The eMediate study participants (young adult social media users from Bangladesh) who completed four surveys of SMU, sleep, and mental health at three-month intervals were included (n = 426, 49.8% female, mean age = 22.61 ± 1.83 years). Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted to examine the impact of sleep problems on problematic social media use through motives for SMU. Sleep problems significantly predicted SMU for coping, conforming, escapism, social support seeking, and decreasing negative emotions motives, as well as problematic social media use. Motives mediated 41% of the effect of insomnia symptoms and 71% of the effect of poor sleep quality on problematic social media use. SMU for coping and escapism motives mediated the associations between sleep problems and subsequent problematic social media use. SMU for coping with sleep problems and escaping from associated worries arising from sleep problems and real-life difficulties may reinforce use by providing short-term relief and leading to reliance on SMU.
Metadata only
"I’ve Just Always Hated It When Anyone Suffers Alone":: Neoliberal Exhaustion and Regenerative Form in Anne Boyer’s The Undying
(2026-01-19) Green, Chloe
This article discusses how experimental life-writing forms, particularly those ofautotheory, are directed towards new modes of expressing life with breast cancer. InAnne Boyer’s 2019 memoir The Undying: A Meditation on Modern Illness, the authortakes aim at the traditional narrative forms used to communicate breast cancer’sshock of diagnosis, pain of treatment, and epistemological uncertainty of prognosis.Such forms, Boyer argues, are not only exhausting, taxing to the individual living withthe challenges of breast cancer, but are also exhausted, leaving those wanting towrite about cancer in a narrative dead end. This article explores how such cancernarratives, which Boyer positions as part of a larger neoliberal project, can be resistedthrough the use of experimental form, that of autotheory. The Undying posits that thisneoliberal framing of breast cancer can only be resisted through a turn to collectiveexperience, and through multivocal forms. By exploring how autotheory creates akind of inexhaustible source of inspiration, challenging and sustaining alike, I arguethat Boyer’s memoir finds a form that resists the capitalist logic of cancer and itstreatments
Open Access
Training the Future: Themes From a Content Analysis of Psychology Research Lab Manuals
(2024-10-03) Lilley, Malin K.; Castellanos, Isabella; Wicks, Anastacia; Raya, Alena; Weatherford, Dawn R.; Huynh, Ho Phi
Background: Lab manuals help researchers and students share a common understanding of the rules, guidelines, and expectations related to being involved with a research laboratory. However, no formal guidelines direct the creation of lab manuals in psychology. Objective: In this study, we conducted qualitative analyses of 10 psychology lab manuals to provide some broad guidelines for crafting a lab manual that would improve the research experience for undergraduate students. Method: Taking an inductive approach, a team of researchers created codes from the contents of the manuals, and then derived themes from those codes. Results: Themes included lab philosophy and direction, expectations and roles in the lab, communication inside and outside the lab, ethics, preparing for research, conducting research, presenting research, networking, and benefits of undergraduate research. Conclusion: We defined and provided specific examples of each theme for consideration by educators and discussed limitations of our approach. Teaching Implications: Ultimately, these themes could serve as a modest outline from which teacher-scholars can create their lab manuals from scratch or to revise/expand current manuals.
Metadata only
Ecosystems, Stable and Sustainable
(Springer, 2013) Butler, Colin D.; Soskolne, Colin L.
Metadata only
Pakistan’s Tactical Nuclear Weapons and their Impact on Stability
(Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2016-06-30) Ahmed, Mansoor
Open Access
Solid-state nanopore sensing reveals conformational changes induced by a mutation in a neuron-specific tRNA<SUP>Arg</SUP>
(2026-01-27) Dutt, Shankar; Lai, Lien B.; Mehta, Rahul; Karawdeniya, Buddini; Bandara, Y. M. Nuwan D. Y.; Clulow, Andrew J.; Glatt, Sebastian; Gopalan, Venkat; Kluth, Patrick
We demonstrate that solid-state nanopore sensing is a powerful single-molecule method for analyzing RNA conformational ensembles. As a model, we employed n-Tr20, a neuron-specific cytoplasmic tRNA$_{\mathrm{UCU}}<^>{\mathrm{Arg}}$, whose C50U mutation is associated with neurodegeneration in C57BL/6J mice. Maturation of the n-Tr20$<^>{\mathrm{C50U}}$ precursor is impaired as the mutation stabilizes a conformational ensemble different from the wild type. To gain insights into how this mutation engenders structural differences, we used solid-state nanopore sensing for the real-time identification of metastable conformers that are not easily observable by ensemble methods. Ion-current traces recorded using an 8 nm nanopore revealed broad contours of the conformational landscape of n-Tr20/n-Tr20$<^>\mathrm{C50U}$ $\pm$ Mg$<^>{2+}$. Additionally, cryo-electron microscopy analysis and small-angle X-ray scattering studies revealed structural plasticity consistent with the nanopore-sensing data. Since dynamics undergird RNA (dys)function in cellular physiology and pathology, nanopore sensing to determine RNA conformational sampling is a valuable addition to the growing RNA structural analysis toolkit.
Metadata only
India’s Nuclear Exceptionalism: Fissile Materials, Fuel Cycles, and Safeguards
(Harvard Kennedy School, 2017) Ahmed, Mansoor
Metadata only
Book Review: The Politics of Coercion: State and Regime Making in Cambodia, by Neil Loughlin
(2025) Travouillon, Katrin
BOOK REVIEW by Katrin Travouillon: The Politics of Coercion: State and Regime Making in Cambodia. By Neil Loughlin. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2024. Softcover: 172pp.
Metadata only
Associations Between Intellectual Humility, Academic Motivation, and Academic Self-Efficacy
(2025-06-12) Huynh, Ho Phi; Luo, Zhicheng; Eche, Elisa; Thomas, Jasmyne; Weatherford, Dawn R.; Lilley, Malin K.
Previous research has shown that intellectual humility (IH) could predict important academic outcomes. This study explores the associations between IH, four different types of academic motivation (intrinsic motivation-to know and -to accomplish, extrinsic motivation-external regulation, amotivation) and academic self-efficacy. Undergraduate students (N = 261) from a Hispanic majority institution completed validated measures assessing these variables. Multiple regression showed that IH positively predicted intrinsic motivation-to know and -to accomplish, and academic self-efficacy. Results also showed no association between IH and extrinsic motivation-external regulation and a negative association with amotivation. These findings extend previous research by showing that IH is not only positively linked to a desire to learn for knowledge’s sake, but also to the process of learning. They suggest that intellectual humility could, with further research, be leveraged to enhance students’ intrinsic motivation and academic self-efficacy, thereby contributing to improved academic performance and well-being.
Metadata only
[OPINION] Who keeps the Solid North solid?
(2019-12-08) Presto, Athena Charanne R.
Many Filipinos point a finger at Ilocanos for supporting a dictator who plundered the country. However, they are not the only ones who are accountable – politicians are, too.
Open Access
The ACCESS-CM2 climate model with a higher resolution ocean-sea ice component (1/4°)
(2025-12-15) Huneke, Wilma G.C.; Hogg, Andrew Mc C.; Dix, Martin; Bi, Daohua; Sullivan, Arnold; McGregor, Shayne; Holgate, Chiara M.; O’Farrell, Siobhan P.; Oliveira, Micael J.T.
A new configuration of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator coupled model, ACCESS-CM2, with a higher resolution ocean-sea ice component at 0.25° is introduced. The higher resolution ACCESS-CM2-025 model was developed to better represent the ocean mesoscale and expand the scope of climate modelling research applications. The individual model components have not been changed compared with ACCESS-CM2-1, the existing lower resolution version of the model at 1°, which was one of Australia’s contributions to the World Climate Research Program’s Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This paper assesses the simulated climate for a 500 years present-day run in ACCESS-CM2-025 against observations, the lower resolution ACCESSCM2-1 model, and two ocean-sea ice models using the same model components and comparable grid resolutions but with prescribed atmospheric forcing. ACCESS-CM2-025 is more energetic and performs better in regions of elevated ocean mesoscale variability such as at western boundary currents. The higher resolution ACCESS-CM2-025 also features a more realistic ENSO life cycle and seasonality, with a reduced biennality, which is common in the lower resolution ACCESS-CM2-1. Both ACCESS-CM2 models share many biases, particularly near the sea surface and also affecting sea ice coverage, reflecting insufficiency in the atmospheric model component. While ACCESS-CM2-025 exhibits improved time-mean deep convection, sea ice, and mixed layer depth in the North Atlantic, it also experiences multidecadal variability, which is evident in many variables, including the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Open Access
Social media use, mental health and sleep: A systematic review with meta-analyses
(2024-09-04) Ahmed, Oli; Walsh, Erin I.; Dawel, Amy; Alateeq, Khawlah; Espinoza Oyarce, Daniela Andrea; Cherbuin, Nicolas
Background: The literature investigating the relationship between social media use, mental health, and sleep has produced inconsistent findings. Younger people spend more time on social media than other age groups, and are more likely to be impacted by social media use. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to synthesise the evidence on the associations between social media use, mental health, and sleep of young individuals. Methods: Electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO were searched using an established methodology and pre-determined search terms for studies that reported the association between social media use, mental health, and sleep. Results: The search yielded 6108 articles, of which 182 (n = 1,169,396) were eligible for the systematic review, and 98 (n = 102,683) could be included in the meta-analyses. The systematic review identified a high level of heterogeneity in the study results. Meta-analyses found small but significant positive associations between social media use, depression, and anxiety. In addition, problematic social media use was positively associated with depression, anxiety, and sleep problems, and negatively associated with wellbeing. Geographical location, anxiety measure type, study design, age, and gender were identified as potential moderators. Limitations: Associations for specific social media platforms as well as some moderator effects were not examined due to an insufficient number of studies. Conclusions: This study provides important evidence of an association between social media use/ problematic social media use, mental health, and sleep. The findings support future longitudinal research to identify the directions and underlying mechanisms of the inter-relationship between these variables.
Metadata only
GOTAT | GUTATH | 時代の潮目|TIDES: Archival Photographs of Zenadth Kes (Torres Strait) from the National Museum of Ethnology (Japan) - Exhibition Catalogue
(Australian National University, 2025) Thomassin, Annick; Lahn, Julie; Baragud, Jacinta; Passi, Michael

Browse

Recent Submissions