ANU Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/1885/26

The Australian National University's Research Publications collection is an online location for collecting, preserving and disseminating the scholarly output of the University. This service allows members of the University to share their research with the wider community. ANU Open Research accepts journal articles, conference papers, book chapters, working or technical papers and other forms of scholarly communication.

FINDING WORKS: To find a work in this collection, enter a search term into the text box and click on Search or select one of the 'Browse by' options (Author, Title, Subject, Issue Date or Type).

CONTRIBUTING WORKS: If you have an item you wish to submit, please do so through the Contribute page.

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 140645

Access status: Metadata only ,
Beyond questionnaires: Community-based measures of bilingualism
(2015) Travis, Catherine E; Cacoullos, Rena Torres
Bilingual speakers are often categorized according to degree of language contact on the basis of proficiency tests, which may have prescriptive biases, or questionnaire responses, which may be limited in scope and open to misinterpretation. Here an alternative approach is put forward and applied to the New Mexico bilingual community. Three forms of data are triangulated to construct a sociolinguistic profile: variables derived from self-reports in questionnaire items; content analysis of sociolinguistic interviews through systematic extraction of speakers' spontaneous comments on their linguistic experiences; and operationalization of language predominance as a measure of relative level of use and activation.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Probing quantum chaos
(2016) Ostrovskaya, Elena A.; Nori, Franco
Access status: Metadata only ,
De una baraja de cartas a líneas de código: Cómo la «programación extrema» devuelve la vida a la programación en forma de práctica colectiva
(2024-02-20) Mackenzie, Adrian; Monk, Simon
This paper discusses Extreme Programming (XP), a relatively new and increasingly popular ‘user-centred’ software design approach. Extreme Programming proposes that collaborative software development should be centred on the practices of programming. This contrasts sharply with more heavily instrumented, formalized and centrally managed software engineering methodologies. The paper maps the interactions of an Extreme Programming team involved in building a commercial organizational knowledge management system. Using ethnographic techniques, it analyses this particular style of software development in a given locality, and how it uniquely hybridized documents, conversations, software tools and office layout in that locality. It examines some of the many artifices, devices, techniques and talk that come together as a complicated contemporary software system is produced. It argues that XP’s emphasis on programming as the core activity and governing metaphor can be understood only in relation to competing overtly formal software engineering approaches and the organizational framing of software development. XP, it suggests, gains traction by re-embodying the habits of programming as a collective practice.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Smaller states in great power competition
(Australian Journal of International Affairs , 2026) Zhang, Denghua; Chan, Debby
U.S.–China geostrategic competition has far-reaching consequences for international relations and domestic politics across Asia and the Pacific. Smaller states are not merely objects but also subjects of geostrategic rivalry. They demonstrate strategic responses with their own agency and interests. Despite the growing literature on great power competition, knowledge gaps about smaller states are evident. The diversity across the Asia-Pacific region suggests that a one-size-fits-all research approach to asymmetric relations between smaller states and great powers is not desirable. This Special Section, with an empirical focus on Southeast Asia and Oceania, seeks to enrich debates on the important yet often-neglected role of smaller states amid U.S.–China competition. It explores how smaller states perceive and respond to great power competition, and what are the implications for these countries and/or the regional order. The four articles in this Special Issue highlight vulnerabilities, opportunities, and resilience of smaller states in Oceania and Southeast Asia, as well as their perceptions of the two great powers.
Access status: Metadata only ,
From API to AI: platforms and their opacities
(2018-06-11) Mackenzie, Adrian
Accounts of social network platforms have often stressed their programmability. The economic, social and technical fabric of social media has been directly associated with the code that modulates their connectivity and constructs opaque forms of property and capitalisation. The programmability of contemporary platforms is shifting in significant respects. By describing some recent shifts in programming practice at Facebook, the paper explores how predictive and machine learning approaches arise from a constitutive opacity present in all platform ensembles. It suggests that the growth in predictive programmability can be understood in terms of an increasingly experimental interplay between processes of platformisation and infrastructuralisation. Understanding these changes in programmability might be useful in analysing the relations between large information-communication ensembles and contemporary forms of life. It conceptualises, in particular, opacity as a constitutive problem for platforms rather than a proprietary limitation.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Gambling in Australia 2026: Gambling Participation, At-risk Gambling, and Harm to Others
(2026) Suomi, Aino; Hahn, Markus; Biddle, Nicholas
Gambling harm remains a major public health issue in Australia. This report updates national prevalence estimates of gambling participation, at-risk gambling (PGSI), and affected others using seven waves of the ANUpoll survey (2019–2026). Data from 2026 (n = 3,482) were analysed alongside previous waves to examine patterns across gambling activities, online and venue modes, and demographic profiles. Overall gambling participation has levelled off since 2023, fluctuating between 58% and 61% of the adult population (60.6% in 2026), following the sharper declines seen during and immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic. At-risk gambling was 17.6% in 2026 that after significant increase during COVID-19 in both gambling participation and risk of problem gambling, the level of at-risk gambling has settled at a new, elevated level rather than continuing to trend in either direction. Online gambling remained more common than in-venue gambling: 56.8% of people who gambled did so mainly online, with sports and race betting the most heavily online-based activities, and online engagement in electronic gaming machines and casino table games also growing. Online gambling was associated with male gender, mid-life age (45–55 years), higher household income, and more frequent gambling. Approximately 5.1% of adults reported being negatively affected by another person’s gambling in the past 12 months, with higher rates among younger adults (18–34), those in ‘other’ household types, mid-level household incomes, culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, and those who themselves gambled at risk. Adults reporting financial stress had increased likelihood of reporting at-risk gambling and being negatively affected by someone else’s gambling. Taken together, these findings suggest that, after several years of rapid change, gambling participation and at-risk gambling have reached a stable but elevated plateau, underscoring the continued need for regulatory and public health responses as new restrictions on online gambling advertising and marketing take effect from January 2027.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Big Difff, Granularity, Incoherence, and Production in the Github Software Repository
(Taylor and Francis - Balkema, 2025-01-01) Fuller, Matthew; Gofffey, Andrew; Mackenzie, Adrian; Mills, Richard; Sharples, Stuart
This chapter will discuss the way in which Github, one of the largest dynamic repositories of software online, can be seen to operate as a mode of archive which in turn re-engineers the question of what an archive is. In very simple terms, Github is a place where software is stored online and from which it can often be downloaded. More expansively, it provides a sense of the archive as simultaneously a site of fine-grained analysis and of incoherence, of storage and of production. To get to Github, we need to start with Git, a ‘source code management’ (SCM) system designed by Linus Torvalds in 2005. 1 Git was initially based on the characteristics of a file storage system familiar to its author as the initiator of the Linux aspect of the GNU/Linux operating system. 2 Whilst it claims to be ‘a stupid content tracker’, 3 in practice Git is a highly sophisticated, decentralized, and distributed way of writing code in groups on scales ranging from an individual to that of large organizations. Git encourages branching or multiple versions of the same project at the same time and provides many different ways of merging, tracking, duplicating, and integrating code repositories distributed across many developers. It facilitates and encourages copies and variations as well as the tracking and auditing of changes in almost any kind of digital data. Since 2007, Github.com – a separate organization – has served as a largely public host platform for Git repositories or ‘repos’. It has encouraged software developers and programmers to store, work on, and retrieve the source code and texts associated with software projects on many scales, again ranging from individuals to large organizations. It has augmented the many operations afforded by Git with ‘social coding’ affordances such as ‘starring’, ‘watching’, the distinctive ‘pull-request’ mechanism, various more formal organizational arrangements (teams, organizations, etc.), and visual descriptive devices (graphs in particular). Github has grown rapidly since 2007 to become perhaps the most important online code repository of the moment, hosting around 10 million projects in total with several million people contributing to them, albeit with widely varying levels of activity. We might understand Github as the formal enterprise that organizes – and somewhat ironically, centralizes – the informal de-centralized organization of Git. Github itself publishes much data about the growth of repos. The public legibility of platform dynamics is typical of contemporary software-mediated culture: things are made to be readable by many. Github.com also produces and encourages the production of various forms of visualization and tabulation of what goes on there. To illustrate this legibility, we could choose important or famous repositories on Github – the Linux kernel, for instance, still led by Linus Torvalds, is a much-vaunted FLOSS project that has become economically and technically central to the development of the Internet – and analyze the flows of meaning, texts, and readers/writers connected to that repository. 4 Relatively quickly, individual contributions could be analyzed, and we could begin to characterize the composition of the group of people who keep this important software object working and up to date. But this work is largely already done by Github.com itself. 5 Indeed, the site is characterized by a high degree of granularity of the data it holds. This is understood to mean the availability of multiple kinds of highly detailed, and to some degree tractable, information of the processes, material, and actors it gathers. Since Github is notable for the ‘socialization’ of software production, in which the above-mentioned social media forms are built into the archive, there is, in turn, a deep integration of quantification into the working processes of the archive.
Access status: Metadata only ,
‘Tax returns for water’: satellite‑audited statements can save the Murray‑Darling: https://theconversation.com/tax-returns-for-water-satellite-audited-statements-can-save-the-murray-darling-81833
(2017-08-02) Alexandra, Jason; Martin, Paul
Share article Print article If the allegations of water theft reported last week by the ABC’s Four Corners are accurate, they reveal a fundamental failing in the integrity of the system that records water use in the Murray-Darling Basin. We have a suggestion that could help to restore trust that water users are not abusing the rights granted by their water entitlements and jeopardising the Murray-Darling Basin Plan by taking more than their fair share. Instead of the current system in which state governments monitor consumption via water meters, we suggest that water users should instead have to fill in an annual “water return” – akin to tax returns – to account for their water use, which could be efficiently verified using technology such as satellite imagery.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Grey-zone games: Grey-zone games: Lessons from the 2025 Australia-Japan-United States simulation
(2026-03-03) Watternson, Christopher; Green, Michael; Dean, Peter; Kanehara, Nobukatsu; Yamamoto, Katsuya; Matsu, Takuma
Access status: Metadata only ,
Australia and the EU: Like-Minded yet Untapped Partners in the Indo-Pacific
(Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2026) Wilson, Bruce; Williams, Katarzyna Kwapisz; McNaughton, Anne; Sanchez-Mateos, Hector Samuel Martinez; Whitman, Richard G.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Claiming Presence: Cultural Participation and Citizenship in Europe
(2026) Kwapisz Williams, Katarzyna; Lo, Jacqueline
Access status: Metadata only ,
Advancing trilateral integrated air and missile defence between Australia, Japan and the United States: The logic and limitations of Australian engagement.
(United States Studies Centre, 2026-08-12) Dean, Peter
Recent global conflicts have demonstrated both the centrality of integrated air and missile defence (IAMD) to modern warfare and its changing character.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Australia-Taiwan relations: Policy options and priorities for engagement
(United States Studies Centre, 2026-02-08) Dean, Peter; Taylor, Brendan; Channer, hayley; Strating, Bec; Soulard, Esther
Access status: Metadata only ,
For green cities to become mainstream, we need to learn from local success stories and scale up: https://theconversation.com/for-green-cities-to-become-mainstream-we-need-to-learn-from-local-success-stories-and-scale-up-119933
(2019-07-09) Alexandra, Jason
Greening our cities has become one of the great global imperatives of the 21st century including to tackle climate change. And Australia’s sprawling car-based cities are gradually changing to embrace green or living infrastructure. Green cities bring together elements of architectural design and urban planning, often combining plants and built infrastructure to meet the needs of humans, such as our love of nature.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Australia’s innovation, science and technology environment: Providing a rationale for universities’ contributions to AUKUS Advanced Capabilities
(United States Studies Centre, 2026-02-03) Dean, Peter; Soulard, Esther; Williams, Adeline
Access status: Metadata only ,
The function and authority of practice-based experts in an era of biodiversity crisis
(2026-06-09) Montana, Jasper
Introduction: In an era of intersecting planetary crises, demand for environmental expertise is at a high point. Environment agencies, universities, consultants and global environmental assessments combined with a range of new technological tools offer views on the planet that are unprecedented in human history. In this paper, I will examine the role of practice-based experts that work at the physical interface of people and nature as a feature of this rapid accumulation of expert insights. Methods: The paper will be based on a combination of prior ethnographic fieldwork with conservation projects and a desk-based review of the literature. Results: I will examine - through examples - the institutional conditions that shape the function and authority of practice-based experts for nature. These experts do not predominantly deal with numbers and words, rather they dig, plant, cut, kill or care for the non-human (or more-than-human) worlds that they inhabit. They span from conservation practitioners to recreational hunters, Indigenous peoples to domestic gardeners, and they rely on a combination of written and tacit knowledge that is acquired through experience of careful observation, informal experimentation and socialisation. Yet, given the high stakes of the biodiversity crisis and the boom of information and communication technologies, there are also moves to further formalise and standardise practice-based expertise around nature through textbooks, training and agendas such as ‘evidence-based conservation’. Conclusions: I will conclude with an assessment of the extent to which practice-based experts physically working in and with nature are recognized (when and where) as legitimate experts in an era of biodiversity crisis and what might need to change in order to offer them an enhanced role in identifying and implementing more transformative responses to the continuing loss of nature worldwide.
Access status: Metadata only ,
From Deft Diplomacy to Rebalancing Hard Power: Australia and Indian Ocean Strategic Futures
(2021) Dean, Peter J.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Z_N x Z_N Generalization of the Chiral Potts Model
(1990) Mangazeev, Vladimir; Bazhanov, Vladimir; Kashaev, Rinat
V.V. Bazhanov, R.M. Kashaev, V.V. Mangazeev. Zjf x ZN Generalization of the Chiral Potts Model: IHEP Preprint 90-136. — Protvino, 1990. — p. 19, refs.: 13. We show that the Д-matrix which intertwines two 3-by-N2 state cyclic L-opera tors can be considered as a Boltzmann weight of four-spin box for a lattice model with two-spin interaction just as the Д-matrix of the checkerboard chiral Potts model. The rapidity variables He on the same algebraic curve as in the chiral Potts model. Factorization properties of the ^-operator and its connection to the SOS models, are also discussed.
Access status: Metadata only ,
Conclusion: 1942 in reflection
(Cambridge University Press India, 2013-01-05) Dean, Peter J.
Australia’s experiences in 1942 were just one small part in a global conflict. While the shadows of war merely touched Australia’s shore, millions of people across the globe lived in the darkness that came with Nazi or Japanese occupation. Outside of the Pacific, 1942 also saw a number of critical battles and events. The Allied victory at the second battle of el Alemein (23 October – 4 November 1942) coupled with Operation Torch, the invasion of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (8 November 1942), saw the turning of the tide of the war in North Africa, while the battle for the Atlantic continued to see-saw. In Eastern Europe, where the bulk of the German military effort was directed, Hitler’s forces suffered a devastating defeat at the battle of Stalingrad (21 August 1942 – 2 February 1943). In the air 1942 also saw the Allied strategic bombing offensive against Germany swing into full action when, on the night of 30–31 May 1942, the RAF launched its first 1000-bomber raid on the German town of Cologne. One thousand and forty-six aircraft rained more than 2000 tonnes of bombs on the city, reducing 13000 houses to rubble. In the Pacific, tens of thousands of Allied military personnel became prisoners of war of the Japanese, while the Sino-Japanese war in China continued unabated, occupying the bulk of the Japanese Army. Yet, while the Second World War was global in nature, its ramifications were felt most significantly at the local level. Speaking in Federal Parliament on 27 January 1943, Prime Minister John Curtin reflected on what had been achieved during the year to ‘save this country from invasion’ and to ‘protect our own soil’. The successes were self-evident. ‘Nowhere in Australia last night’, he continued, ‘did people fear that air-raid warnings would interrupt their slumber or work.’
Access status: Metadata only ,
Catalysing an interdisciplinary mindset for environmental research through theatre games
(2026) Welden, E. A.; Montana, Jasper; Webb, Emma; McBain, Lizzy
While interdisciplinarity is recognised as important within environmental research, it remains difficult to put into practice. This article outlines what we—a team of two environmental social scientists and two theatre practitioners—designed as a method for helping to catalyse an interdisciplinary mindset in environmental researchers. Here, we outline and reflect upon our collaboration in designing ten activities based on theatre games to be used in teaching and team building for environmental research initiatives. We share our experience of running a workshop using some of these activities with a group of environmental researchers and discuss reasons why elements from applied theatre have potential to support impactful mindset shifts for participants. We conclude by reflecting on how these activities can act as ‘solutions’ to recognised barriers to interdisciplinarity.

Cultural advice

Browse

Recent Submissions