1 μm Excess Sources in the UKIDSS. I. Three T Dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Southern Equatorial Stripe

Abstract

We report the discovery of two field brown dwarfs, ULASJ0128-0041 and ULASJ0321+0051, and the rediscovery of ULASJ0226+0051 (IfA 0230-Z1), in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) southern equatorial stripe. They are found in the course of our follow-up observation program of 1μm excess sources in the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey. The Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs spectra at red optical wavelengths (6500-10500) are presented, which reveal that they are early-Tdwarfs. The classification is also supported by their optical to near-infrared colors. It is noted that ULASJ0321+0051 is one of the faintest currently known Tdwarfs. The estimated distances to the three objects are 50-110pc, thus they are among the most distant field Tdwarfs known. The dense temporal coverage of the target fields achieved by the SDSS-II Supernova Survey allows us to perform a simple time-series analysis of the dwarfs. We create stacked images of each year from 2002-2007 and find significant proper motions of 150-290masyr-1 or transverse velocities of 40-100kms-1 for ULASJ0128-0041 and ULASJ0226+0051. We also find that there are no detectable, long-term (a-few-year) brightness variations above a few times 0.1mag for the two brown dwarfs.