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Democracy in learning : a search for organizational alternatives in tertiary education / [by Trevor Williams].
(Canberra : Centre for Continuing Education, Australian National University, 1975., 1975) Williams, Trevor A.; Australian National University. Centre for Continuing Education
During 1974, an attempt was made to change the or~anisational structures and the nat re of the learning tasks in several management education courses . These courses are offered by the Department of Corrmerce in the University of Western Aust~alia, and arc inten ed to introduce students to the general field of organisation and management. The change was aimed at moving away from the traditional teacher-s t udent basis of education towards a structure based on groups of students who had as thei r task t e education of themselves, using staff and other resources t o accomplish their task .
Depressions in Japan : the 1930s and the 1970s / Tuvia Blumenthal.
(Canberra : Australian National University, 1980., 1980) Blumenthal, Tuvia.; Australian National University; Australia-Japan Research Centre
In the 20th century Japan experienced two major depressions, one in the prewar period (the 'Great Depression') and one in the postwar period (the 'Oil Crisis Depression'). These two events were of great significance in Japan's history and each of them can be regarded as a turning point in Japan's economic development.
Demilitarising security by Gary Smith
(Canberra : Peace Research Centre, Australian National University, 1992., 1992) Smith, Gary, |d 1950-; Australian National University. Peace Research Centre
This paper is the third in a series published as working papers by the Peace Research Centre following Two Rhetorics of Region' (Working Paper 72) and The State and the Armed Forces: Defence as Militarism' (Working Paper 100).
Hopefully they constitute an intellectual progression. Each has developed out of a sense of the strengths and limitations of earlier arguments, from observations on the rapidly developing international setting, and from working with members of the 'Secure Australia Project' to encourage public debate on matters of military defence, foreign policy and security priorities.
'Two Rhetorics of Region' (Working Paper 72) presented a dichotomy in official statements of Australia's regional outlook: region as 'opportunity', even 'destiny', and region as 'threat' and military danger. It used this dichotomy to launch a critique on the 'new militarism' associated with then Defence Minister Beazley's enthusiasm for military technology, multi-billion dollar equipment purchases ('the largest defence capital investment in Australia's peacetime history'), regional power projection and bluster associated with the last phase of the Cold War. It was argued that the approach to regional economic collaboration and the moves to create an 'Asia-literate society' in Australia were much more realistic and productive responses to the problem of economic insecurity than these military policies were to territorial insecurity. It was suggested that the rhetoric and policies of military defence should be reconstructed along lines suggested by the rhetoric of economic interdependence and co-operation. It argued against the official line that Australia's military defence policies had 'liberated' its foreign policy; the successes in foreign policy (and international economic policy) were achieved in spite of, not because of, the military defence initiatives of the second half of the 1980s.
The publication in 1990 of The New Australian Militarism: Undermining Our Future Security, edited by Graeme Cheeseman and St John Kettle, stimulated a degree of public debate as well as some discussion inside the military organisation and foreign affairs bureaucracy. 'The State and the Armed Forces: Defence as Militarism' (Working Paper 100) sought to explore further the potential and the limits of the concept of 'militarism' as applied to Australia's military and diplomatic policies and practices. In part it was an answer to some of the critics, defending the claims that militarism was found in alarmist threat perceptions, an excessive regional role for the armed forces, excessive external US influence on that role, and excessive economic costs of military production. But it was also an acknowledgement of the limits of the concept: what constitutes the 'excesses' of militarism in a liberal-democratic society and what constitutes legitimate' military defence? Is one person's excess anothers 'sufficiency'? The paper ended with the suggestion that there was a way beyond this subjectivity: an exploration of the relationship between militarydefence as a means and security as an end. A wider discourse about security and its military and non-military determinants could provide the 'terrain' on which a more fundamental public debate on armed forces could be engaged.
This paper on 'Demilitarising Security7 moves onto this terrain. It argues that the concept of security has been 'hijacked7. The normal meaning of the term - to be untroubled by danger or fear, free from threat - has been removed from
the public discourse with the onset of the Cold War in the 1940s, when security was defined as a matter of balancing military power against military power. This definition disallows the fundamental questions of how military power
adds to or detracts from security in particular circumstances. The paper reexamines military defence as one response, and a problematic one, to one kind of security problem. It looks at the areas in which military defence constitutes security failure, and where a redirection of resources from military spending to diplomatic initiatives and conflict abatement would increase security against potential military threats.
Freedom from threat in the international system is a far wider and deeper social goal than freedom from military attack. A wider concept of security embraces a more open appraisal of threats and allows a discussion of economic and environmental security, areas in which the armed forces can offer no solutions. A deeper concept focuses attention below and beyond the state - to individuals and communities who experience security/insecurity in various ways. Together these dimensions press for a reconsideration of government priorities, suggest new directions for government policy, and support a wider public participation in the creation of security. These and other dimensions of security are addressed more fully by the 11 contributors to Threats Without Enemies: Rethinking Australia's Security.
Achieving haemostasis in thrombocytopenia in remote settings: an in vitro comparison of frozen and lyophilized products
(SIMTI Servizi, 2023) Crispin, Philip; Coupland, Lucy; Gardiner, Elizabeth
Background - Platelet concentrates have a limited shelf life due to room temperature storage and therefore, are not kept in regional centres where turnover is low. Cryopreserved platelets have been proposed as an alternative to platelet transfusion in austere circumstances and fibrinogen concentrate has improved thromboelastometry parameters in thrombocytopenia. This study compared the ability of stored haemostatic products and platelets to correct thromboelastometry parameters in thrombocytopenia.
Materials and methods - Blood from eight patients with severe thrombocytopenia was combined with platelet concentrates, cryoprecipitate, fibrinogen concentrate, factor VIII, factor XIII and cryopreserved platelets in ratios equivalent to transfusion. Tissue factor initiated thromboelastometry (EXTEM) was compared between the products.
Results - EXTEM amplitude at 20 minutes (A20) improved by 13.1 mm with platelets (p<0.01). The 5mm increase in A20 seen with cryoprecipitate (p=0.06) was not statistically different from platelets (p=0.19). No improvement in A20 was observed with cryopreserved platelets or factor concentrates. EXTEM clotting times (CT) improved with cryopreserved platelets (19.4 s, p=0.001) and cryoprecipitate (24.1 s, p<0.05), but not fibrinogen, and both were superior to platelets (9.9 s, p<0.05). Clotting concentrates did not improve EXTEM parameters although further studies suggested the improvement in A20 was largely driven by higher fibrinogen concentrations in cryoprecipitate.
Discussion - These results suggest that cryopreserved platelets enhance clot initiation but do not contribute to clot strength in thrombocytopenia. When platelets are not available for transfusion, cryoprecipitate may be of value, however this requires further clinical studies.
PERSAGI (Persatuan Ahli-Ahli Gambar Indonesia)
(Routledge, 2016) Sambrani, Chaitanya; Kolocotroni, Vassiliki
PERSAGI is the acronym for Persatuan Ahli-Ahli Gambar Indonesia (Union of Indonesian Painters, or to be more precise, Union of Indonesian Drawers). Founded by S. Sudjojono (1913–1986) and Agus Djaja (1913–1994) in October 1938, PERSAGI is widely understood to have played a major role in the development of modernism in Indonesian art. While there was no binding style linking the individual artists, they were all in search of a new art that was both distinctively national and intensely individual. Sudjojono’s influence as critic and artist was profound, and served to define a modernist—as well as nationalist—tenor in the Indonesian art of the 1940s and beyond. In terms of its importance to Indonesian modernism, it is significant that PERSAGI was formed a decade after Bahasa Indonesia was declared the national language. It was in 1928 that young nationalists in the then-Dutch East Indies led by Sukarno issued the Youth Declaration, proclaiming a unified nation with one motherland, one people, and one language. The artists of PERSAGI saw themselves as cultural workers within this nascent nation-state, making them part of a broad socialist-nationalist front aimed at the creation of a new national consciousness out of the inheritance of a colonial past. They also sought divergence from the deeper histories that divided this archipelagic country with its vast geography and a variety of ethnic, religious, and linguistic differences.